BSE Regulation 31 · promoter encumbrance · rebuilt every morning

Faultline

Which listed company is at risk because of who it is tied to.

built 2026-09-23 06:49 IST filings through 2026-09-21 all contracts held
104,397disclosed pledge events since 2016
1,932companies with pledge history
15,826invocations — the margin call firing
115on the watchlist today
01

The watchlist

Companies showing at least one of the three exposures that separated failures from survivors across the whole market: a lender invoking a pledge in the last twelve months, promoter pledging rising by 10 points or more, or more than a quarter of capital encumbered. Companies already in insolvency are excluded — they are no longer at risk of entering it.

This is not a prediction. The strongest of these signals was followed by insolvency in 13.64% of cases against a 0.89% base rate. That is a fifteen-fold relative risk, and it still means about six in seven of the companies below do not fail. Read it as a list of places to look, never as a list of companies that will go under.

CompanyPledge trajectoryPledged Δ 12mSignalLast invocation
01Mangalam Drugs & Organics Ltd532637 · Healthcare8.6%-15.830 invocations2025-11-26
02Wardwizard Innovations & Mobility Ltd538970 · Consumer Discretionary8.9%-7.710 invocations2026-02-20
03Innovative Ideals and Services (India) Ltd541983 · Services0.0%-15.25 invocations2026-03-18
04Hubtown Ltd532799 · Consumer Discretionary24.9%-5.73 invocations2026-03-27
05Sigachi Industries Ltd543389 · Healthcare7.4%-8.73 invocations2026-01-22
06Jindal Worldwide Ltd531543 · Consumer Discretionary18.1%+0.22 invocations2026-04-07
07Arcotech Ltd532914 · Commodities28.1%-1.22 invocations≥25%2026-02-04
08Cupid Ltd530843 · Fast Moving Consumer Goods17.7%+3.91 invocation2026-03-05
09NCL Industries Ltd502168 · Commodities5.1%-4.11 invocation2025-09-29
10Ampvolts Ltd535719 · Utilities38.6%+38.6+39pp≥25%
11Orient Green Power Company Ltd533263 · Utilities54.3%+35.4+35pp≥25%2024-10-21
12Money Masters Leasing & Finance Ltd535910 · Financial Services33.9%+33.9+34pp≥25%
13Ventive Hospitality Ltd544321 · Consumer Discretionary35.3%+32.3+32pp≥25%
14Kalyan Capitals Ltd538778 · Financial Services26.1%+26.1+26pp≥25%
15Patanjali Foods Ltd500368 · Fast Moving Consumer Goods26.0%+26.0+26pp≥25%
16TANFAC Industries Ltd506854 · Commodities25.8%+25.8+26pp≥25%
17Aditya Ispat Ltd513513 · Industrials24.3%+24.3+24pp
18B-Right Realestate Ltd543543 · Consumer Discretionary23.2%+23.2+23pp
19Ace Alpha Tech Ltd544431 · Information Technology23.1%+23.1+23pp
20Rita Finance and Leasing Ltd543256 · Financial Services22.3%+22.3+22pp
21Inox Wind Ltd539083 · Industrials22.0%+22.0+22pp
22Swan Corp Ltd503310 · Commodities22.0%+22.0+22pp
23Nazara Technologies Ltd543280 · Consumer Discretionary20.7%+19.7+20pp
24Him Teknoforge Ltd505712 · Consumer Discretionary19.9%+19.0+19pp

9 invoked · 29 rising · 91 above a quarter of capital · top 24 of 115 shown

Pledged is the promoter group's encumbered shares as a share of total capital, derived from share counts rather than the feed's own percentage column — that column means a share of total capital for some filers and a share of the promoter's own holding for others. Checked against BSE's market-wide encumbrance table: median absolute difference 0.05 points.

02

The lines a group is broken along

Two companies are joined where the same promoter has pledged shares in both — a disclosed, legally filed relationship, not a price correlation. Each cluster is one promoter family. Thicker lines carry more shared exposure, and a node is sized by how much of that company is encumbered.

JSW Steel Ltd — 11.0% pledgedJSW Energy Ltd — 37.3% pledgedJSW Holdings Ltd — 14.8% pledgedNalwa Sons Investments Ltd — 13.5% pledgedJITF Infralogistics Ltd — 0.0% pledgedJindal Stainless Ltd — 0.0% pledgedJindal Saw Ltd — 0.0% pledgedFuture Enterprises Ltd — 3.0% pledgedPraxis Home Retail Ltd — 0.0% pledgedFuture Consumer Ltd — 3.1% pledged · in insolvencyFuture Supply Chain Solutions Ltd — 1.1% pledgedFuture Lifestyle Fashions Ltd — 39.4% pledgedFuture Retail Ltd — 0.3% pledged · in insolvencyFuture Market Networks Ltd — 45.3% pledgedKesoram Industries Ltd — 96.5% pledgedBirla Tyres Ltd — 5.3% pledged · in insolvencyJay Shree Tea & Industries Ltd — 0.0% pledgedHindalco Industries Ltd — 0.0% pledgedGrasim Industries Ltd — 0.2% pledgedMangalam Timber Products Ltd — 0.0% pledgedTata Consultancy Services Ltd — 0.2% pledgedTata Motors Ltd — 0.0% pledgedTata Communications Ltd — 0.0% pledgedTata Consumer Products Ltd — 0.0% pledgedTata Steel Ltd — 0.0% pledgedGayatri Projects Ltd — 55.5% pledged · in insolvencyGayatri Highways Ltd — 8.9% pledgedGayatri Sugars Ltd — 18.0% pledgedGayatri BioOrganics Ltd — 0.0% pledgedAdani Power Ltd — 33.2% pledgedAdani Green Energy Ltd — 3.6% pledgedAdani Enterprises Ltd — 27.8% pledgedAdani Energy Solutions Ltd — 2.7% pledgedReliance Communications Ltd — 7.1% pledgedReliance Power Ltd — 2.3% pledgedReliance Capital Ltd — 6.7% pledged · in insolvencyReliance Infrastructure Ltd — 5.7% pledgedRita Finance and Leasing Ltd — 22.3% pledgedAdishakti Loha and Ispat Ltd — 0.0% pledgedUnifinz Capital India Ltd — 0.6% pledgedBhagyanagar India Ltd — 1.9% pledgedSurana Solar Ltd — 0.0% pledgedSurana Telecom and Power Ltd — 0.0% pledgedSiti Networks Ltd — 14.4% pledgedDish TV India Ltd — 10.5% pledgedZee Entertainment Enterprises Ltd — 0.2% pledgedBeryl Securities Ltd — 0.0% pledgedShare India Securities Ltd — 20.3% pledgedANG Lifesciences India Ltd — 31.9% pledgedEveready Industries India Ltd — 0.0% pledgedMcleod Russel India Ltd — 0.8% pledgedACC Ltd — 0.0% pledgedAmbuja Cements Ltd — 0.0% pledgedEmami Ltd — 32.0% pledgedEmami Paper Mills Ltd — 32.1% pledgedMax Financial Services Ltd — 12.9% pledgedMax India Ltd — 11.1% pledgedArshiya Ltd — 31.5% pledged · in insolvencyMercator Ltd — 0.0% pledgedQuadrant Televentures Ltd — 0.0% pledged · in insolvencyVideocon Industries Ltd — 35.9% pledgedSun Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd — 4.0% pledgedSun Pharma Advanced Research Company Ltd — 0.0% pledgedSMC Credits Ltd — 0.0% pledgedJBM Auto Ltd — 0.0% pledgedGenus Power Infrastructures Ltd — 3.8% pledgedGenus Paper & Boards Ltd — 4.0% pledgedPanacea Biotec Ltd — 18.3% pledgedLorenzini Apparels Ltd — 50.5% pledgedBajaj Hindusthan Sugar Ltd — 26.9% pledgedBajaj Consumer Care Ltd — 5.6% pledgedHFCL Ltd — 0.0% pledgedMedia Matrix Worldwide Ltd — 2.5% pledgedIIFL Finance Ltd — 0.0% pledgedIIFL Capital Services Ltd — 0.0% pledgedInox Wind Ltd — 22.0% pledgedGujarat Fluorochemicals Ltd — 4.2% pledgedDhampur Sugar Mills Ltd — 0.0% pledgedDhampur Bio Organics Ltd — -0.0% pledgedSRS Real Infrastructure Ltd — 0.0% pledgedSRS Ltd — 5.4% pledgedMangalore Chemicals & Fertilizers Ltd — 13.2% pledgedParadeep Phosphates Ltd — 5.3% pledgedABC India Ltd — 11.2% pledgedTCI Industries Ltd — 1.8% pledgedRavindra Energy Ltd — 16.2% pledgedShree Renuka Sugars Ltd — 0.0% pledgedThe Ramco Cements Ltd — 10.4% pledgedRamco Industries Ltd — 0.8% pledgedAurionpro Solutions Ltd — 8.3% pledgedTrejhara Solutions Ltd — 0.4% pledgedIMP Powers Ltd — 4.4% pledged · in insolvencyMangalam Drugs & Organics Ltd — 8.6% pledged · 30 invocation(s) in 12mCarborundum Universal Ltd — 0.1% pledgedTube Investments of India Ltd — 0.0% pledgedOrient Cement Ltd — 0.0% pledgedOrient Electric Ltd — 0.0% pledgedStrides Pharma Science Ltd — 17.7% pledgedSolara Active Pharma Sciences Ltd — 16.0% pledgedSEPC Ltd — 17.8% pledgedOrient Green Power Company Ltd — 54.3% pledgedSintex Industries Ltd — 12.8% pledgedSintex Plastics Technology Ltd — 1.2% pledged · in insolvencyMafatlal Industries Ltd — 5.8% pledgedNOCIL Ltd — 4.1% pledgedTexmaco Rail & Engineering Ltd — 0.3% pledgedZuari Agro Chemicals Ltd — 31.2% pledgedPrakash Industries Ltd — 8.4% pledgedPrakash Pipes Ltd — 1.3% pledgedForbes & Company Ltd — 72.6% pledgedEureka Forbes Ltd — 0.0% pledgedAlgoquant Fintech Ltd — 23.7% pledgedSG Mart Ltd — 1.2% pledgedArvind Ltd — 3.1% pledgedArvind Fashions Ltd — 3.0% pledgedDion Global Solutions Ltd — 0.0% pledged · in insolvencyReligare Enterprises Ltd — 0.9% pledgedMindTree Ltd — 1.4% pledgedCoffee Day Enterprises Ltd — 7.9% pledgedApollo Tyres Ltd — 4.1% pledgedUFO Moviez India Ltd — 16.0% pledgedJSWFutureBirlaTataGayatriAdaniRelianceUnifinzSuranaSitiBeryl
in insolvency invocation in last 12m pledged, quiet 47 groups · 121 companies · 116 ties
03

Invocations per quarter

An invocation is the lender taking the shares — the margin call actually firing, rather than a promoter disclosing that a loan exists. It is the sharpest single predictor in the data, and the one that only became visible once the whole market archive was pulled instead of a rolling week of it.

1,6953,391201820192020202120222023202420252026
04

What actually separates them

Measured at a 2022 census across all 5,836 listed equity scrips, every feature computed strictly before the cutoff and the outcome strictly after. Relative risk of entering insolvency, 95% intervals, log scale.

no effectever pledged3.0×pledge >= 25% of capital5.4×pledge rising +10pp or more over prior 12m6.6×invocation ever before census7.9×invocation in prior 12m15.3×1251020

Pledging at all raises the risk threefold; a lender invoking raises it fifteenfold. Inside the old sample — companies that had already crossed a disclosure threshold — none of these tests could tell the two arms apart at all. The signal was never absent; the denominator was.

05

Who is on the other side

Counterparties named in the filings, by distinct borrowers. Debenture trustees are excluded: they hold security for bondholders, four or five firms serve the entire Indian secured-debt market, and counting them as lenders manufactures contagion that is not there.

CounterpartyCompaniesEvents
BAJAJ FINANCE LIMITED441,310
KOTAK SECURITIES LIMITED39492
ADITYA BIRLA FINANCE LIMITED37735
VISTRA ITCL (INDIA) LIMITED21554
TATA CAPITAL LIMITED19294
TATA CAPITAL FINANCIAL SERVICES LTD18205
YES BANK LIMITED17150
STCI FINANCE LIMITED16528
360 ONE PRIME LIMITED16292
AXIS BANK LIMITED1686
06

Provenance

Every figure is computed at build time from kept raw BSE responses. The page is published even when the contracts fail, so a bad morning shows the breach rather than yesterday's badge.

faultline checks
 contracts
  [OK  ] date format M/D/Y: 0 rows with first component >12 (must be 0), 1180 with second >12 (must be >0), 0 unparseable, of 2430
  [OK  ] date format has real days: 1180 rows prove day-of-month >12 is in position 2
  [OK  ] Website_DATE agrees with parse_mdy: 0 disagreements over 32 rows carrying both fields
  [OK  ] pledge crawl fresh: newest archive 20260923T011720Z.ndjson.gz is 0.0h old (limit 48h)
  [OK  ] pledge universe width: 1932 companies carry pledge history (floor 400)
  [OK  ] lender identity present: 17,687 of 22,867 events in the last 3 years name a lender (77.3%)
  [OK  ] pledge level is a real percentage: 1 of 987 companies sum above 100% of capital (limit 5), worst 361.3%
  [ok  ] pledge events recent: newest pledge event is 2d old (2026-09-21)
  [OK  ] denominator fresh: market pledge table as of 2026-09-22, 1d old (limit 130d)
 watched
  [ok  ] rolling SAST feed: 32 rows, newest authorised 2026-09-22 (1d ago); history now comes from the sddpledge crawl, so a gap here is recoverable
VERDICT: OK -- all contracts held